Strengthening research capacity for innovation in sub-Saharan Africa

Research and innovation capacity are defining facets for knowledge economies. All global economies that have advanced as well as the economies of Brazil, Russia, India and China (BRICs) that are rapidly advancing in economic transformation are reliant on a vibrant research and innovation capacity of its citizens. However, sub-Saharan Africa’s research and innovation capacity has considerably lagged behind; with limited advances in scientific output including patent registration and acquisition. This review paper brings to the fore the need for increasing research and innovation capacity in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) as a sound basis for agricultural transformation in the region. This work argues that, for research and innovation capacity within SSA to be realized; institutional leadership that is pro-advancement of innovation and prioritizes talent identification, mentorship and structures and facilitates institutions through an enabling environment will need to rapidly emerge within the region. Further, SSA governments need to appreciate the value of transitioning to knowledge led economies and thereby undertake strategic investments within higher education and research institutions and support a deliberate evolution of the an innovation ecosystem within the region. Finally, systems and institutions are because of what their leadership is; as such, a deliberate focus on thought leadership capacity development to driver innovative and transformative universities and research institutions is critical for today and the future. Key words: Africa, BRICs, innovation, capacity, knowledge economy, research output