Abstract:
Watamu Mida creek coastal areas, mainly the shoreline, the mangroves and the general environment
have been changing due to the impact of land use change, shoreline erosion, human population
pressure and the expansion of tourism sector. This research assesses the impact of land use
change on mangrove dynamics and shoreline erosion as well as the main driving factors that cause
these changes in Watamu Midacreek. This study uses old aerial photographs (1969 and 1989),
current high resolution satellite images World view (2010) and ground truthing in combination
with information from the local community to analyze the impact of change in land use from 1969-
2010. Land use and cover types were visually interpreted, digitized and delineated using aerial
photographs of 1969, 1989 and 2010 satellite images in ArcGIS.9.3.1 and ERDAS IMAGINE 2014
software. The results of the land use change between 1969 and 1989 showed a decline of scrub
land, miscellaneous coastal vegetation, coastal bush, thicket with trees and mangroves, whereas
new types of land use which emerged during this period were town and barren land. The greatest
land use change rate observed between 1969 and 1989 was in miscellaneous coastal vegetation at
2.5%, while coastal bush experienced a significant negative change rate of −6.5%. The main land
use changes observed between 1989 and 2010 were increasing coastal bush, an expansion of town
and urban areas, hotels and private holiday houses. Encroachments into the mangrove forest have
been observed both by local people and foreign private holiday house owners. The change in land
use had an impact on shoreline changes as well. Areas mainly covered by old trees, and coastal
bushes which protected the shoreline from erosion currently have been converted into very big
hotels and several private holiday house complexes. The main drivers of land use change were
human population growth and policy (through weakness of law enforcement). Policies and regulations
which are not currently implemented need to be updated based on the current pressurestate
situation, and there should be strong law enforcement and strict regulation to control any
unplanned developments along the coast and in the neighboring hinterland.
Language:
English
Date of publication:
2016
Country:
Region Focus:
East Africa
University/affiliation:
Journal:
Volume:
6
Pagination:
230-242
Collection:
RUFORUM Journal Articles
Agris Subject Categories:
Additional keywords:
Licence conditions:
Open Access
Access restriction:
Project sponsor:
RUFORUM
Form:
Web resource
Publisher:
ISSN:
2163-0429
E_ISSN:
2163-0437
Edition: